Frage von Gast:
... but were afraid to ask. I dare not even now herewith.
And I admit:
Yes, I'm not clear in some
field order or
field order. While I know this and that, but it comes to detailed relationships, I move on thin ice. Therefore, I have gathered from various sources, some relating to s.Informationen and would like to ask you a thing or two to confirm or correct, should I have misunderstood it.
And please excuse if the post has got a little long, but I think that of my Page in this case it appropriate and necessary.
I want to emphasize that it is this post - despite the unusual structure - the case of matters which I can imagine based on his own conjecture. Only thus was it possible for me to describe, step by step and point by point the issues from my point of view. And if I should have s.irgendeiner agency, a fallacy, then at least I know exactly synonymous s.welcher place.
I want to get me in this way and finally clear my dangerous half (visual) know to put an end ...
Antwort von Gast:
1. Recording and Saving of half-frames in camcorders: In
this paper "Mini-DV cameras all have the lower field first, but when I Digibetas ('m not sure if believe in all) and synonymous with HD cams, it is the top." [/ List: u: 11f16a7d50] It is further then approved:
[list] "The field order is set for digitization depending on which are written in chronological order of the lower and upper rows in the digital stream. Digibeta case is set with the Upper and (mini) DV with Unterer, is purely a matter of definition, has no special background. "[/ list: u: 11f16a7d50] This refers to the recording but in the digital camcorder, right?
To 100fps.com[list]1) record field 1
2) Record field 2
3) Mix (= interlace) field 1 and field 2 into one frame and save the frame s.frame 1st
4) Record field 3
5) Record field 4
6) Mix (interlace =) field 3 and field 4 into one frame and save the frame s.frame 2 [/ list: u: 11f16a7d50] where steps 3), 6), etc. - so the interlace - depending on the standard (DV or DigiBeta), decide which field is stored (Field 1 or Field 2) as the first written or on tape.
And I have understood this to mean that the half-images in sequence are actually written to the tape, which as of this article "First, the first field is recorded, then the second. The two images are linearly transferred to the tape. Both fields are considered to list a video image (frame)." [/ U: 11f16a7d50] stands responsible for the arrangement of the fields, according to the slashCAM contribution "field order for DV capture and editing" "pretends to the old idea that the codec) (or the video capture hardware with analog cards, the order is correct. The DV codec is always" lower first before ". The editing software has triggered defaults. They can not or. Some Programs also try can not fit an analysis of the material and adjust the settings. Even the or. Knowing "DV = Lower First, you can specify and verify the settings." list [/ u: 11f16a7d50] As I understand it, is "lower field first" for both the Studio DV, therefore the camcorder as synonymous for its transfer to the PC.
2. Fields of video files on your hard drive:
In slashCAM FAQ under "Welche Halbbildreihenfolge wann and wo?""For an analogue signal (CVBS - or S-video signal), the first row of the upper field is transmitted first, because it is synonymous shown first. That has nothing to do with the box following a digital video file. This makes merely a statement about Wierum the storage was done in the file. It will depend of the digitization hardware and software and must be known for each system. "[/ list: u: 11f16a7d50] This refers therefore now but in a gecapturete or video file exported from a program, right?
In addition, you probably used the term "field dominance" with respect to a recording on the tape, the term "field order" on the other hand, a video file on your computer - how do I Digital Media for Artistssave "Welche Halbbildreihenfolge wann and wo?"to Digital Media for Artists"video on the hard drive with 25 frames per second.
Antwort von Gast:
I'll leave it at once, although I like to have a 3rd Point would respond.
But I will not overburden and will submit the s.späterer place. First of all I hope for some answers and comments that get me some confidence score or certified in the worst case of ignorance.
And I think not only will this thread be useful to me, since it's going to Halbbildtechnik the essential basics.
In this sense, I hope for a productive thread ...
Antwort von Axel:
In such work, there is no reason to remain anonymous. Fantastic. I have a question like this:
When Cam, the lower field first recording (DV standard), then the next upper one 50tel (?) Second is added later, so it shows a picture, is the time after the first. How should it succeed in any software, therefore, reverse the order without having to fabricate salad? Is it because that shows us the Calculator display only one of the fields? Is this all right?
Thanks again for the work.
Antwort von Acer:
Like Axel, I imagine it synonymous. Thus becomes clear why frames are "vague". Because the eye but only about 18 frames / sec. exercises, it would be no preference whether you changed the upper / lower fields, for editing software to combine these images to a frame. Should we "oberees Hb" First, click the calculator but would of Picture of Picture 1, the upper and the lower 1 Record. Since the cam has recorded but the other way, one would have the band back to capture it forward in the money: First up / down to play last.
One is the issue complicated.
Nothing checking,
Philipp
Antwort von Kellergeist:
Hello,
The Halbbildtechnik comes from the founding years of the Fersehen.
For a flicker-free picture a frame rate of 40 - 50 Hz is required. They chose 50 Hz
That was technically too expensive. So they turned to a trick. They felt the Picture 2 from times. Thus the partial images at the same Height begin to have the first part of the picture below with a half-line stop and start the second half frame top with a half-line.
Synonymous This results in the odd number of lines of 625 of the CCIR standard, as well as lower and upper field.
Each field consists of only 312.5 lines, ie 1,3,5, etc. The second Halbild from rows 2,4,6, etc. This procedure is therefore called synonymous or intermediate lines interlaced.
Since "CRT" (synonymous LCD and plasma) have a certain inertia,
you could write again s.end both fields together,
The full screen was back. This happens within of 1 / 25 seconds,
it results in a frame rate of 25 fps and a line out of 15 frequencies, 625 kHz.
The following technique was guided by it and therefore works with the same patterns.
One must not forget that s.end in the beginning of each line, and even brightness, etc., as well as sync pulses s.end are accommodated each video field image change-and Austastimpulse. The principle has remained until today.
Abstract: Both fields are needed --
1. Field
then
2. Field
Greeting
Antwort von Gast:
Keller @ Spirit
Thank you. While this explains why in general are included in fields such as a DV stream, but does not clarify how they get there and what to watch later in the processing chain, so the TV picture s.end synonymous sitting all s.richtigen spot.
But in the transmission of the television signal, I am not yet arrived or I would not go so far. If I s.end should be gotten rid of all my questions, I hope that knowing how to edit material Field is correct in different situations. And I hope that we begin to find out how fields recorded in the camcorder, transferred to a hard drive, where it is processed and then back again played on tape or other media. And all this with particular observation of the
field order. * * * * *
@ Axel and Acer:
Well, I'm not the only one that confused.
Incidentally, I have not really even anonymously. However, I noticed when I had signed up at that time, only the stupid user name "guest" book. Perhaps we can change it? Otherwise, I see it positively. Still, I am the only registered "guest."
Before I say anything to your contributions, I must once again striking out briefly. That seems to me, in fact, be the only sensible way to bring the details into context.
* * * * *
Recording of half-frames: I once above example of
100fps.com1) Record Time 1 s.field 1
2) Record time 2 s.field 2
3) Mix (= interlace) field 1 and field 2 into one frame and save the frame s.frame 1st
4) Record Time 3 s.field 3
5) Record time 4 s.field 4
6) Mix (interlace =) field 3 and field 4 into one frame and save the frame s.frame 2 [/ list: u: is b9caacbd41] The way I see it, each of these frames thus generated from a large 720x576 pixels Picture . In this picture, the two are stacked horizontally (vertically compressed to half its size), Fields (fields).
In the specific example of data-recording quasi First the bottom half of the picture with the First Field 1 filled, then the top half with the second Field 2 In Field 1, the recording will be written down before then, the field is written 2 above and are stored in the next step, both Fields together as a frame.
Therefore: => the lower field is first written into the frame.
Playback of interlaced fields:
In any case, must be played at a later playback of the recording time 1 to time 2 (for so it has now happened once in the real world), Field 1 should therefore be made visible to Field 2nd Consequently, must be located in the bottom frame in front of the field found above shown.
Therefore: => the lower field is first made visible.
The relevant information that is hidden behind the whole, as follows: [list] Time 1 should be displayed when playing the first,
it is located at the bottom of Frame 1
Time 2 must be displayed when playing the second one,
it is located at the top of Frame 1
Time 3, shall be displayed when playing as a third,
it is toward the bottom frame 2
Time 4 to be displayed when playing as a fourth,
it is located at the top of frame 2 [/ list: u: b9caacbd41] For the "control" of the fields is - if my posting above is true - the DV codec responsible. Say it ensures the correct order during recording and playback - that is, the data writing and when reading the data.
* * * * *
Now for the contributions:
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Antwort von Axel:
Back to the Calculator screen, and the fields:
In the editing program frames are displayed. However, the fields are included in the DV stream, because there is so the saw teeth, picket fences, interlace artifacts (such as synonymous always wants to be called that). And this arises from the fact that the software (to my knowledge, respectively) the two fields of a frame quasi aufdröselt and line by line ineinanderschiebt - but only for display on the monitor (to the full vertical Resolutionvon 576 offer).
Events are actually taking place successively in time while simultaneously displayed. The illustrated moving object is not at different times s.selben place.
Therefore, the stripes formed as a line depicting time 1, the next line time 2, the next line back time 1, etc. Is that so? If both fields
simultaneously displayed on the computer display? The strips, of which you speak, are in rapid motion when viewing a single frame that is almost a blur through which we have considered only time with the lice comb. In the motion picture looks good, just as progressive. If this were so, the "Software De-interlacing"? Simply show both fields at the same time?
My LCD TV displays images synonymous indeed progressive. When I'm speaking here of continuation 50i SD pictures, I see no fence, not synonymous, for example if a ball is flying through the air. That is my opinion impossible if he would show both fields simultaneously. Therefore, I assume that one field is omitted, and the lack Resolutioninterpoliert. Were it not for the moving image will display synonymous better, both at the same fields?
The confusion is not diminishing. A good thread.
Antwort von Jan:
The most everyone else there again ....
"The electronics read from 576 lines. In a 2 step, they added more and 2 consecutive rows generated from the 288 lines so calculated one field. This approach brings greater light sensitivity with the same SNR and veringert the quivering effect. Addition of synonymous but has a hook she veringert the vertical resolution. The two fields mismatch, simultaneously but in succession - the "first" Halbild consists of the odd lines - (1,3,5 ..) So probably at the top.
In a pure progressive recording (eg DVX 100) of the 576 lines camcorder records 288 lines as 2 consecutive fields. Unlike the methods I read in the electronics Progressive Scan So the two fields from the same time, they fit together perfectly. Tracked be progressively read out the two fields as in i, which is why have photographs of the 25 P zb DVX 100 is s.jedem Pal playback device.
Also been said:
Interlace - For better presentation of video images on television, the frames are divided into upper and lower fields, and only when the transmission back together. This has its origin in the old tube / phosphor technology earlier TVs. As television images were always of top to bottom up, this has had in the slow phosphor display the drawback that glowing on the monitor or the lower part, while the upper part with a subsequent frame was already built. The output format is interlaced, which are sequenced and phased. For example, a television-compatible picture is not from 25 individual frames, but out of 50 fields.
Or:
Interlaced - technology in the television image transmission. How good is synonymous in the movies see 24 frames per second, ranging from completely to convey to the human eye, the illusion of fluid motion. Because a television tube has to be more frequently described in order not to flicker, which is interlaced (interlaced display) invented. To each of the 25 frames is divided into two fields, with the first field of all rows with odd line numbers and has the second field, all even lines. These fields are now with twice the frequency (50 Hz) and a row while nested transferred.
Line - Includes all grid points of a television picture, laid horizontally in a row. In the PAL standard 625 lines each with 833 pixels horizontally arranged is sampled, not all of these dots contain information for the visible picture (blanking).
etc:
PAL - Phase Alternate abbreviation for (or alternation) Line. "Phase switching of line to line" of Prof. Bruch (Telefunken) developed analog color-code method (for color television transmission), which is particularly prevalent in Western Europe (excluding France), Australia and some other regions of the world: it is an interlaced signal with 15.5 kHz Horizontal, 50 Hz frame rate, 625 lines, of which 576 visible, with YUV color representation. The chrominance information (as in NTSC) with QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) in the frequency range of the luminance signal is transmitted (CVBS) signal. Unlike NTSC, however, the polarity of the V chrominance component (RY) line by line switching. In this way, phase errors (and consequent aberration) is largely eliminated. The PAL standard is not defined with NTSC compatible.
So probably the first to the odd number 1 - so the top?
LG
January
Antwort von martinsw:
Is that so? If both fields simultaneously displayed on the computer display? The strips, of which you speak, are in rapid motion when viewing a single frame that is almost a blur through which we have considered only time with the lice comb. In the motion picture looks good, just as progressive. If this were so, the "Software De-interlacing"? Simply show both fields at the same time? I quote myself and give the answer with a quote from Wikipedia:
Weave (field insertion)
The easiest way imagery is interlaced with deinterlace to simultaneously display the available fields, ie they grow above the other. This will only work without loss of quality movie material, which is interlaced on the same date. In this case, must be ensured during the process only ensures that more be put together only the appropriate fields. If the Fields vary in time, however, comb-like artifacts arise because the contents do not match. The lines of the one half-image are shifted towards the line while the other half image. The variation between the individual half-frames and thus the stepped-stairs effect is stronger, the more movement there is in the scene. At the end of the process we have created two fields in one frame. If you would show this now, if you saw a clear flicker. Then came that is only a frame rate of 25 Hz, the frames are displayed so each twice to get back to a rate of 50 Hz. Thus we see that Weave is a very simple procedure, and the disadvantage of being synonymous with the "combing" brings.
In short: join fields to full screen.
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Antwort von Kellergeist:
Guest writes:
The way I see it, is generated in this way each of these frames of a 720x576 pixels large Picture. In this picture, the two are stacked horizontally (vertically compressed to half its size), Fields (fields).
In the specific example of data-recording quasi First the bottom half of the picture with the First Field 1 filled, then the top half with the second Field 2 In Field 1, the recording will be written down before then, the field is written 2 above and are stored in the next step, both Fields together as a frame.
End
(Please allow me an exception to this kind of incorrect quote.)
this is not really true. The fields are n ic ht compressed, but only half the number of lines scanned with (1,3,5, etc. resp.2, 4.6) and successively written on the TV screen. By the inertia of the eye can not take this was. The have already written several.
The computer images are displayed differently.
How come Habbilder on the tape in the camcorder?
Halbbildabtastung the photo chips (1. field first) - analog - analog to digital conversion - Tape (1.Halbbild first)
Pal, DV-Pal always work 1 Field first (NTSC) also
Antwort von Jan:
I read a lot on Wikipedia.
One should not go out of a 99% truth, a few months ago, the magazine Focus had once checked a few things that are abundant and found inconsistencies / errors in the reports.
The posting some Ottonormal's - as we and not always a true professional is s.Bord. I had last time the event because I wanted to learn about Nordic Mytholgie, unfortunately, had served every author his own version, there was real Wiedersprüche.
LG
Jan
Antwort von Gast:
A few things to Axel's post:
Is that so? If both fields simultaneously displayed on the computer display? The strips, of which you speak, are in rapid motion when viewing a single frame that is almost a blur through which we have considered only time with the lice comb. In the motion picture looks good, just as progressive. If this were so, the "Software De-interlacing"? Simply show both fields at the same time? On Digital Media for Artists is under
"Die Probleme des Halbbildverfahrens 1 / Wiedergabe auf PC-Monitor""As long as video is being processed within the standard video technology and equipment to support all the interlaced standard, this technique is quite straightforward and brings more benefits than disadvantages.
But further s.Computer video, produced, or reproduced only synonymous, there is [...] a number of problems that need to be taken into account. As a PC monitor, the picture is not built in rows, but in individual pixels are displayed, the fields are not displayed correctly - there are always two fields at one time. The result is that during rapid movements, the comb lines are visible. "[/ List: u: Although I 8f56d0035d] believe that we must regard this distinction - depending on what application is playing with the file.
No doubt there is a difference between what we see on the monitor and the actual material available. Next I think we must distinguish between a display mode that has the goal to present the material handsome (in a media player) and a per-display mode, which allows a detailed study of this material) (in a cut-od compositing program.
Even when I play back video material in a media player, I get to see so strictly speaking, only a preview sale (as long as it is material that has not been prepared for display on a computer monitor, "were"). DV-AVI was never designed with the intention of being able to be easily displayed on a VGA monitor. Because the record is interlaced, which requires the correct representation of the interlacing when playing - what the monitor is not supported in turn.
What is always synonymous s.Monitor shown us, then when playing a DV AVI, is in some ways is already no longer identical with the actual present imagery. Interlaced video is always played on the PC with the premise that it can be so for the viewer "realistic" look as possible. On playback are therefore different filter (DirectShow, ffdshow, etc.) are used.
More about this can be in the article "How DirectShow filter function"
Through such filters as the DV stream is indeed practically falsified so that it looks correct for us. And finally we are in doubt do not know exactly how many will be sent through the filter stream in the calculator before it visible to us on the monitor. It depends again from the used media player and also a variety of plug-ins. Thus a double one. Avi, open the AVI files associated with players, who analyzes the file and determines the DV codec. The player "knows" he will play a DV-AVI, DV means "interlaced, lower field first", so he zuschaltet an appropriate filter, which the interlaced video formatted for the screen play. Of course not, the DV-AVI thereby destructively deinterlace, but only a monitor-ready and full-screen version produced for the study - or more precisely simulated.
At this point I would suspect with the Axel software inter easy even agree.
The question that arises now is: How are the respective video editing program with interlaced video, or what procedure to use it to the interlaced video in a Vors
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Antwort von Axel:
@ Axel: I suppose we have both right. Perhaps haut mal a knowledgeable veteran of video on the table, and puts an end to the doubts?
An interesting question occurs to me then still a synonymous to:
When I paint in After Effects with a brush in the picture, what the hell do I paint it anyway? Probably on both fields, synonymous when I see only one. Control method: The single display of the DVD player but spends most individual fields? There were certainly
a lot more than 25 per second, and also the picture do not fidget as on the control monitor for NLE, when stopping the Picture. But clear: You paint on
both fields, the blob (sorry, is just one example) would be yes otherwise Extraterrestrial fibrillation. This means synonymous, that you can in rapid movements in AAE no clean paint mask, if you do not
properly deinterlace before.
[/ i]
Antwort von Gast:
Back again in the camcorder to record:
The fields are n ic ht compressed, but only half the number of lines scanned with (1,3,5, etc. resp.2, 4.6) and successively written on the TV screen. Is that synonymous in the same way for recording in the camcorder?
I mean, the lines 1, 3, 5, etc. of the CCD chips are read out simultaneously. They include the image information, which is written as Field 1 on the tape. 50tel A second later, the same happened with the lines 2, 4, 6, etc. Would be interested.
It can be all sorts of things on the operation of CCDs to find via A / D converter, the ones and zeros to produce, using DSP (digital signal processing), etc. - but s.dem point where it would matter because in the end as the fields on the tape will end, the articles or skip the item and proceed s.anderer place.
Jan had here - or synonymous
dort - geschrieben:[list]
"Each CCD chips in current Pal camcorder takes the same time to 576 lines. [...] The electronics read out all 576 lines. In a 2 step, they added more and 2 consecutive rows generated from the so - dort - geschrieben:[list]288 lines calculated in one field. This approach brings greater light sensitivity with the same SNR and veringert the quivering effect. The addition of rows but has a hook!: it reduces the vertical resolution. The two fields mismatch, simultaneously but in succession - the reason for the " fragmentation "[/ list: u: 0b9f3dfb45]" The electronics read out all 576 lines ": Does the now-internal or camcorder that already applies to the readout of the signal in the TV?
When this takes place in the camcorder, it would resolve the issue as there's one field comes on tape with them. Like this:
The CCD chip "created" from the recorded images of human "image" (I will spare myself and you) for details. The electronics in the camcorder reads all 576 lines of this "image from", added two consecutive generated a 288 lines, and such a high half-image.
That's why I spoke of synonymous upset ":
For if we represent the rows of a field just one over the other, would the result is a large 720x288 Picture. This in turn would show but its content is distorted, that is vertically squashed. For in fact would have for an accurate mapping between each of these lines, a line left blank - at least agree that the proportions of the image content. They would vote in a large 720x576 picture in which every second line is equipped with actual picture information, while the other half of the rows would be no content.
Long story short: Does this just supposed to be, is therefore at no time actually recorded a large 720x576 pixel picture. (Progressive image scanning method I want to neglect s.dieser first place - I feel it still is) to fields.
A field thus consists of 288 lines, a frame consists of 576 lines.
This means synonymous, however, Field 1 is not exactly starting from time 1, as has happened in the frame during the recording, but rather discards half of the information - that is, every other row. Therefore, only the term "Field makes" synonymous meaning.
Time 1 will be represented on tape by Field 1, Time 2 2. by Field Both, however, there are in the form of "compressed" images of the recorded object to the respective dates.
Antwort von Kellergeist:
And if I quadruple the 288 lines
and double the pixels
and shifted all of 4:3 to 16:9 ... I then HDTV?
Slowly it becomes funny.
bye
Antwort von Gast:
Again, something about the large 720x288 interlaced fields and how they are displayed on the monitor (via a media player):
As I wrote above: [list] "For in fact would have for an accurate mapping between each of these lines, a line left blank - at least agree that the proportions of the image content. They would vote in large 720x576 picture in which every second line with actual picture information is fitted, while the other half of the rows would be no content. "[/ list: u: list d3bce6b685] []" That means synonymous, however, Field 1 is not exactly starting from time 1 as it appears in the frame during the Recording took place, but discards the half of the information - that is, every other line. "list [/ u: d3bce6b685] Hier zum Bild
"Quellmaterial with Zeilensprung"Scanned deferred Hier zum Bild assistance in Wikipedia under "Quellmaterial with Zeilensprung""In Camera mode, the two fields are. If one were to join them in the same way, there would be in moving areas of an image to an ugly one another verkämmten double image, and secondly, the movements were not so smooth. There is thus here sense to consider all fields as frames that are missing but where rows. "
[/ list: u: d3bce6b685]
There "The fields are each reduced by 1 / 50 seconds deferred recorded. In the moving parts of the picture, they will lead [with a simultaneous presentation of both fields] to comb structures, because field 1 does not indeed identical with Field List 2" [/ u: d3bce6b685] Actually, it is therefore nonsense, showing simultaneously two fields of a frame, since they appear not at the same time in reality.
Strengenommen need us, then when viewing the semi-images at intervals of one second are 50tel successively presented.
This is the case on a television screen, but not on a computer monitor. The fact - as described - shows (at the same time in a media player) both Halbilder. But that would mean in theory that the duration of the film when looking at the PC would reduce by half, as indeed appears to be within a 50tel second two fields instead of one. Two fields would be properly 25tel within a second.
Therefore, the computer still has to use another trick to increase the lack of time. It would be interesting, as it goes exactly OPERATIONS WERE CARRIED. I will look around - maybe someone knows something about it but synonymous?
I guess there remain only two possibilities:
1st either be shown while playing each of two fields, and then repeated once again: [list] - Field 1 + Field 2
- Field 1 + Field 2
- Field 4 Field 3 +
- Field 4 Field 3 +
- Etc. [/ list: u: d3bce6b685] This is indeed synonymous Guest wrote up next: [list] "At the end of the process we have created two fields in one frame. If they would show this now, if you saw a clear flicker. It namely, only then would a frame rate of 25 Hz, the frames will therefore appear twice each in order to achieve a return rate of 50 Hz. Thus we see that Weave is a very simple procedure, and the disadvantage of being synonymous with the "combing" brings. "
[/ list: u: d3bce6b685]
2nd or it will appear Field 1, where the missing lines are interpolated, and thus filled to a full screen, then same is happening with Field 2: [list] - Field 1 (interpolated to full resolution)
- Field 2 (interpolated to full resolution)
- Field 3 (interpolated to full resolution)
- Field 4 (interpolated to full resolution)
- [Etc.
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Antwort von Gast:
Earlier, I asked myself:
Therefore, the computer still has to use another trick to increase the lack of time. It would be interesting, as it goes exactly OPERATIONS WERE CARRIED.
I give myself then is itself in the same answer.
The way I see now includes deinterlacing, not only the production of both a full screen of two fields (in what way is now synonymous always), but also synonymous at the same time maintaining the correct (full) image exchange rate of 25 per second. The "stocking up" the lack of time, then, is part of the deinterlacing process.
Various media players have different methods to display up of interlaced video, so different deinterlacing methods. The original material remains unchanged, the deinterlacing is performed only for display on the monitor - is therefore nondestruktiv. Responsible for this are already mentioned filter, which passes through the video stream before it visible to us on the monitor.
A deinterlacing can be synonymous but destructive conduct by herausrechnet the interlaced video from an editing program such as deinterlace. Also coming in such a case, depending on the software, different methods are employed. Destructive, of course, is not entirely accurate, but it actually creates a Deinterlaced copy of the original - but the definition of "deinterlacing filter," I want to let such a time. The principles are apparently the same, with the difference that the change - ie deinterlacing - is synonymous written to an output file.
A glimpse of deinterlacing methods provide the sample images below "Vergleiche""How to deinterlace video, methods of deinterlacing" "Vergleiche"There are eight variants:
(1 scan) Blend / Average / Combine Fields, (2) Weave / Do nothing, (3) Area-based, (4) motion blur, (5) Discard, (6) Bob / (progressive scan), (7) Progressive / Bob + Weave / Intelligent / Adaptive / Hybrid, (8) Motion compensation
If you look at the details of each method then reads through, soon becomes clear that the statement "On the monitor are the two fields of a frame displayed simultaneously" is not true, or is in relative terms.
Correct would be: "On the monitor, the two fields of a frame on the basis of various deinterlacing methods are so processed that can be seen at any time during playback, a large 720x576 full screen."
* * * * *
"Vergleiche"And if I quadruple the 288 lines
and double the pixels
and shifted all of 4:3 to 16:9 ... I then HDTV? "Vergleiche"
Above
Antwort von Jan:
The text I wrote was born of VideoaktivDigital - have taken this as far as I know from a professional magazine ala cameraman.
Some publishers have several video Magazine, a consumer / professional, some testers of VAD synonymous working s.einem professional video magazines. Mark had the same text / description synonymous found anywhere else on the net.
LG
January
Antwort von Gast:
Recording of half-frames in camcorders:
Was still unresolved the question of how the image information, which will provide the CCD chip, read out the camcorder and then it will produce fields. Details of which I could not find yet, so I tried to pick out in this respect between the lines of other information.
According 100fps.com there would therefore (at least) two ways and one frame would then be created as follows: [list] - Capture field1 (s.half captures the height, or full height and then resizes down)
- Capture field2 (s.half captures the height, or full height and then resizes down) [/ list: u: 6fb66fa5e0]
1st "Captures s.half the height" would mean it is only the beginning of every second row of the image information of the CCD chips used. This results in a "compressed" 720x288 large Field. Here "Video cameras and television cameras broadcasting services are optimized for the traditional TV system. According to our PAL standard to include 50 different fields per second. Each of these fields provides its own snapshot with a vertical Resolutionvon only max. Is 288 lines, each second line remains black. Like when you play and just go from odd lines in the Studio "[/ list: u: 6fb66fa5e0]
2nd "captures full height and then resizes down" would mean the full 720x576 image information of the CCD chip is read, half of
of lines but then discarded. Respectively. more precisely each two consecutive rows are in a "charged". The result is a "shrink to fit" 720x288 wide Field.
This variant was with Jan also mentioned above, next: [list] "The electronics read from 576 lines. In a 2 step, they added more and 2 consecutive rows generated from the 288 lines so calculated one field." [/ List: u: 6fb66fa5e0 ]
Perhaps there are other methods, but I will not sit next the window. The exact technical processes are also quite complicated and not really important to me synonymous. In addition, there are different types of CCDs, and various kinds of sensors that read the image information from CCD chip varies. See, eg, hier:[list]"[there is] sensors that will work exclusively with the interlaced technique (interlaced). This process of the television and means that a video image is composed of two interlaced fields to a frame. The speed with which the happening is dependent of the video standard. In Europe, the so-called CCIR standard practice. In the CCIR standard is 25 frames per second set consisting of 50 fields. The fields can be generated on the sensor in different ways. "[/ list: u: 6fb66fa5e0]
In any case, but probably true that at no time will the full 720x576 image information stored on the chip tape (for interlaced recording). But at any given time half of the image information, ie 720x288. It will be removed from the chip quasi incomplete snapshots of the image information, which he delivers - and the 50 times per second.
Two of these snapshots (the Fields) are then stored in a 720x576 pixel comprehensive "container" (the frame).
At the later playback on a TV screen, the fields of a frame re-ranging "vertically apart" and written at intervals of 1 / 50 seconds one after another on television. And each field occupies exactly those rows which has released the previous field.
Antwort von Gast:
Once I have the camcorder recording of half-frames (for me satisfactorily executed), but now follows the next mystery: What in God's name is done with the half-frames when capturing?
There seems to be reading most of that in the transmission of digital video on the calculator there is a 1:1 copy of the video material is produced. When any source here is the entry under "Capturing""[capturing] means the digitization of video signals and storing the data on the hard drive of a non-linear editing system. Actually, this concept is based on the digitization of analog video - in digital DV editing (eg DV ), the whole is actually a copy process. "
[/ list: u: bin abb3ef636f] In the course of my research, I myself anything but certain that capturing necessarily always equivalent to a copy operation.
The character that some capture cards, this field order no preference seems to be, I talked to already. The problems resulting from the policy describes as a post from the MainConcept Forum: [list] 'Do I want an interlaced source of re-creating a TV compatible format, then I change nothing, unless the capture card gives me the "wrong" field order. Then I have to adjust if necessary lower field first or upper field first. I did not Make this can be seen flickering in the final result on the TV. "
"Depending on the source material, deployed capture card, before using editing programs, etc. I can get a" Mixvideo "that changes the field order in some places, partially-interlaced, can partly be deinterlaced, etc.
So one has to know exactly what you want and what I s.end generate returns the used hardware and software / can deliver. "[/ List: u: abb3ef636f]
The After Effects Relating to Help manifests itself as follows: [list] "A simple test can be stated to be rendered in what order the fields on your video system. When creating a film which should render order (" Upper Field First "or" Lower Field First ") are matched to the method used of your video system. Otherwise, the film is distorted." [/ list: u: abb3ef636f] The description of "biased" in my view, chosen to be somewhat unhappy. It would be more accurate to describe the error as "judder", as indeed in the order of Time 2> Time 1> Time 4> Time 3>, etc. is played. Every second field thus is a step backwards in time.
Accordingly, any event, the field order is purely system dependent. The more I understand, so that only the capture process that decides to enter the order in which fields in the DV stream on the Calculator. What would the other hand, confirm that the capture card, the field order on the DV tape is absolutely no preference. The sequence on tape, however, is but the one that is properly recorded. Which brings us back to Axel's question would be reached: [list] "How should therefore succeed in any software, change the order without having to fabricate salad?" [/ List: u: abb3ef636f]
At first I assumed that when capturing (or synonymous when exporting) a video of the Resulting File (in the file header) information is added, which determines how to proceed with their playing needs - ie whether, and if so: in which order fields are present and play. The article "Frames & Fields""AVI files contain a lot of information identifying the format of their contents, but the ability to mark a file s.containing dual-field frames was not put into the AVI specification. As a result you have to know what your field layout f
